Here's an educational filmstrip covering what it claims to- The Birth of Electronic Music, however it takes a long and winding pathway to get there -it starts at around 400 BC, and covers the various ways we've learned to amplify sounds. Installment one goes to the 1950s. Installment two, (an mp4 file), via Get LoFi covers the slightly more modern era.

Pathways to Music [WFMU-beware of the blog]